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NEC REFERENCES · 2023

The rules behind your result.

A map from each part of your field check to its code reference. Use these alongside your adopted NEC edition and equipment markings.

Conduit fill

Chapter 9, Table 1 sets the general fill limits: 53% for one conductor, 31% for two, and 40% for three or more. Tables 4 and 5 supply the raceway and insulated-conductor areas. Include neutrals and insulated equipment grounds in the physical fill.

For more than two conductors of the same size and insulation, Table 1 Note 7 permits a calculated capacity with a fractional part of at least 0.8 to round up. PassPull shows when it uses that allowance. It never applies it to mixed wire sizes.

Why passing fill is only part of the check

Ampacity and conductor count

Table 310.16 provides base ampacities. Table 310.15(C)(1) provides adjustment factors when more than three current-carrying conductors share the raceway. For example, four through six use an 80% factor; seven through nine use 70%.

Sections 310.15(E) and (F) govern neutral and grounding-conductor treatment. Equipment grounds do not count for ampacity adjustment. Neutral treatment depends on the circuit, not the label on the wire.

Count current-carrying conductors correctly

Heat and equipment connections

Table 310.15(B)(1)(1) supplies ambient-temperature correction factors. This checker uses the 90°C column for dual-rated THHN/THWN-2 conductors, then checks the equipment termination ceiling under 110.14(C).

The insulation’s temperature rating does not establish the terminal rating. Check the lowest applicable rating at the connected equipment.

Understand 60°C, 75°C, and 90°C

Loads, protection, and circuit grouping

Sections 210.19(A)(1) and 215.2(A)(1) address conductor sizing for loads, as applicable. PassPull’s continuous-load option uses a conservative 125% requirement. It is not a full branch-circuit or feeder design calculation.

Section 240.4(D) sets ordinary small-conductor overcurrent protection limits. A calculated 32 A ampacity for #10 copper does not approve a 35 A breaker. Section 300.3(B) matters when moving complete circuits to separate raceways.

Read the authoritative text

These explanations are summaries, not reproduced code text or NFPA approval. Code adoption and local amendments vary. This tool implements NEC 2023 only; it does not apply NEC 2026.

Independent review of the full implemented catalog against the licensed 2023 edition is still pending. See the calculation method for the source and review boundary.

NFPA 70 · official code accessCalculation method and review status